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交通运输部：做好今年的春运工作，疫情防控很关键******
中新网1月6日电 国务院新闻办公室6日举行新闻发布会，介绍全力做好春运服务保障有关情况，并答记者问。春运工作专班办公室副主任、交通运输部运输服务司司长蔡团结表示，做好今年的春运工作，疫情防控很关键。
1月6日，中国国务院新闻办公室在北京举行新闻发布会，春运工作专班副组长、交通运输部副部长徐成光，春运工作专班办公室副主任、交通运输部运输服务司司长蔡团结，中国民用航空局总飞行师万向东，国家邮政局副局长陈凯，国铁集团客运部主任黄欣介绍全力做好春运服务保障有关情况，并答记者问。 中新社记者 杨可佳 摄蔡团结指出，春运期间，人员的流动、货运的物流活动频繁，人员交叉活动密集，感染风险大。针对这些情况，同时结合国家对新冠病毒“乙类乙管”措施的实施，春运工作专班专门印发了春运疫情防控指南，也发布了春运出行服务指引。“我们将指导各地按照相关要求和文件规定，强化全链条管理，督促我们的从业人员落实落细各项防控措施，引导社会公众做好个人健康防护，助力疫情有效度峰和平稳转段，切实保障春运平稳有序运行。”
一是强化客流组织引导。督促经营者强化客运场站的消毒通风，优化客流组织，在进站口、售票窗口及自助售取票设备、安检通道、检票口等关键部位，引导公众有序排队，具备条件的情况下，分散候乘、分散就座，同时对客流量大的线路及时增加运力，降低人员聚集度。
二是做好公众出行防疫宣传。每个人都是自己健康的第一责任人，在此，我们倡导，公众尽量避免前往疫情高流行地区，疫情高流行地区的公众也尽量减少出行，主动避免带症状出行，大家未排除感染风险前，或者出现发热等症状，尽量避免乘坐公共交通工具。乘客出行期间，也要提高自我防护意识，加强出行全过程防护。在乘坐公共交通工具期间全程佩戴口罩，主动减少聚集。
三是鼓励使用无接触式服务。我们指导客运经营者持续改善售票服务，积极推广应用线上购票、电子客票、自助验票等服务，扩大无纸化、无接触的服务范围，加快推进铁路、民航以及与城市轨道交通之间的顺畅衔接和安检流程优化，减少换乘等候时间和人员聚集，提高旅客换乘效率。
四是加强从业人员健康管理。我们督促经营者加强从业人员健康监测，实施症状管理，出现发热等症状的，第一时间报告，停止作业，必要时开展抗原或者核酸检测。加强个人健康防护，上岗期间从业人员必须佩戴口罩，做好手卫生。同时我们要求，与社会面接触较多、客流量大的一些枢纽、高速公路服务区里的相关服务人员，收费站等场所的一线从业人员，我们倡导“两点一线”生活方式。同时，上岗时要佩戴N95/KN95口罩。
五是严格落实场站防疫措施。督促经营者加强相关场站、高速公路服务区、收费站和一些交通运输工具的日常公共卫生管理，做好环境清洁消毒、通风换气，疫情严重的地区，要适当加密清洁消毒、通风换气频次，客运车辆及时开窗通风换气。
六是有效应对从业人员大面积感染。我们要督促经营者加强从业人员防疫管理，对驾驶员上岗坚持从严审慎原则，确保身体状况胜任安全行车要求。建立实施关键岗位轮岗备岗制度和跨区域人员运力调配机制，做足应对可能出现的从业人员大面积感染的准备，确保人员接替有序，服务不断不乱。
蔡团结同时呼吁各地关心关爱从业人员，具备条件的高速公路服务区、司机之家等，要设置医疗服务点，配备发热药品等必要防疫物品，提供必要的休息场所，确保从业人员有症状时能够及时用药、合理休息。
“下一步，我们将密切关注各地的疫情发展变化，因时因势调整相关政策和保障措施，指导各地统筹抓好疫情防控和春运各项服务保障工作。”(中新财经)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾****** 中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。  资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。 麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。 一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。 此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。 作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。 美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。 这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。 从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。 两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy". The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader. Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party. On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration. On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses. Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees. As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives. But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker. CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful. This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally. Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits. From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public. Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world. The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle. 
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